The Benefits of Coca Tea at High Altitudes
Coca tea, known as «mate de coca,» is a traditional Andean herbal tea made from coca leaves. It has been consumed for centuries in Peru and other high-altitude regions due to its natural medicinal properties. For travelers visiting Cusco, Machu Picchu, and other Andean destinations, coca tea is an essential drink that helps prevent altitude sickness.
Why Is Coca Tea Important for High Altitudes?
When visiting places above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet), altitude sickness can affect many travelers. Symptoms include headaches, dizziness, nausea, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Coca tea is a natural remedy that helps alleviate these symptoms due to its ability to:
- Improve oxygen absorption in the blood, allowing the body to adapt more easily to high altitudes.
- Reduce fatigue and headaches by enhancing blood circulation.
- Increase energy levels naturally, reducing the feeling of exhaustion.
- Aid digestion and circulation, preventing stomach discomfort that may occur at high elevations.
- Act as a mild stimulant, helping to maintain mental alertness and combat drowsiness.
Many indigenous communities in the Andes have relied on coca leaves for centuries, not only for altitude adaptation but also for their nutritional benefits. Coca leaves contain vitamins A, B1, B2, C, and E, as well as essential minerals like calcium, iron, and phosphorus.
How to Prepare Coca Tea (Mate de Coca)
Making coca tea is simple and requires only a few ingredients:
Ingredients:
- 5 to 7 dried coca leaves (available in Peru and other Andean regions)
- 1 cup of hot water (not boiling)
- Optional: honey, lemon, or cinnamon for taste
Instructions:
- Boil water: Heat water until it is hot but not boiling (around 80°C or 176°F). Boiling water may destroy some beneficial properties of the coca leaves.
- Add the coca leaves: Place the dried coca leaves in a cup.
- Pour hot water: Gently pour the hot water over the leaves.
- Steep: Let the tea steep for 5 to 10 minutes to release its beneficial properties.
- Enhance the flavor: Add honey, lemon, or cinnamon if desired.
- Enjoy: Drink slowly and relax while adapting to the altitude.
To maximize the benefits, it is recommended to drink coca tea 2-3 times a day while adjusting to high altitudes.
Where to Find Coca Tea in Peru
Coca tea is widely available in hotels, restaurants, and markets throughout Cusco, Sacred Valley, and other Andean regions. Many Machu Picchu tours include coca tea as part of the experience to help travelers adjust to the altitude. If you prefer to prepare it yourself, you can buy dried coca leaves in local markets.
Alternative Ways to Consume Coca
Apart from tea, coca leaves can be consumed in other ways:
- Coca candy: Small hard candies infused with coca leaf extract, convenient for travelers on the go.
- Coca capsules: Used as a supplement to combat altitude sickness naturally.
- Coca flour: Used in traditional Andean cuisine and can be added to smoothies or baked goods.
- Chewing coca leaves: A common practice among locals, where leaves are chewed with a small amount of lime powder to release their active compounds.
Important Note:
While coca tea is legal in Peru and Bolivia, it is prohibited in some countries due to the alkaloids present in coca leaves. Check local regulations before bringing it back home.
Tips for Adapting to High Altitudes
In addition to drinking coca tea, here are other essential tips for adjusting to high-altitude destinations like Cusco and Machu Picchu:
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration, which can worsen altitude sickness.
- Avoid alcohol and heavy meals: Alcohol and fatty foods can slow digestion and increase discomfort.
- Take it slow: Avoid strenuous activities on your first day to give your body time to adjust.
- Breathe deeply: Taking deep breaths helps maximize oxygen intake and reduce dizziness.
- Consider altitude medication: If you are prone to altitude sickness, consult a doctor about taking acetazolamide (Diamox) before your trip.